Facsimile-telegraph apparatus.



No. 791,491. PATENTED JUNE 6, 1905. H. R. PALMER.

FACSIMILE TELEGRAPH APPARATUS.

APPLIUATION FILED FEB. 25, 1901.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1 fn SS 5, inventor,

m M Q a; W

PATENTED JUNE 6, 1905.

H. R. PALMER. v FAOSIMILE TELEGRAPH APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.25. 1901.

5 SHEETSSHEET 2.

PATBNTBD JUNE 6, 1905.

H. R. PALMER.

FAGSIMILE TELEGRAPH APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.26,1901.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

PATENTED JUNE 6, 1905.

H. R. PALMER.

FAGSIMILE TELEGRAPH APPARATUS.

APPLIOATIOH FILED FEB. 25.1901.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Witnesses No, 791,491. 7 PATENTED JUNE 6, 1905. H. R. PALMER.

PAGSIMILE TELEGRAPH A P PARATUS. APPLICATION 31111) ms. 35. 1901.

' x K 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

' WWW UNITED STATES Patented dune 6, 1905.

PATENT OEEIcE.

HERBERT R. PALMER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIG-NOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,TO ELECTROGRAPH COMPANY OF AMERICA, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OFDELAIVARE.

FACSIMILE-TELEGRAPH APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 791,491, dated June 6,1905.

Application filed February 25, 1901. Serial No. 48.797.

T0 aZZ w/wm it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERBERT R. PALMER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Facsimile-'IelegraphApparatus, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to receiving and transmitting instruments which areused in facsimile telegraphy as set forth in the patent to myself and m.I Dun Lany, No. 650,381, dated May 29, 1900, and is especially concernedwith apparatus of this class in which synchronouslyrotating cylindersare used in cooperation with a moving stylus or a recording-pen. Inmachines of this class a transmitting-plate carrying non-conducting andconducting surfaces defining the picture to be transmitted is held onthe periphery of a transmitting-cylinder, a sheet of paper or othermaterial is placed upon a synchronously-revolved receiving-cylinder, anda stylus which contacts with the transmission-plate controls, by meansof an electric current, the operation of the recording-point at thereceiving instrument.

The object of the invention is to render the apparatus more sensitiveand at the same time more accurate and positive, thus increasing itsefiiciency and capacity.

The particular parts of the apparatus to which my improvements aredirected are the mechanism for synchronizing the revolution of thetransmitting and receiving cylinders, the electromagnetic arrangementsat the receiving end, the receiving-pen and the arrangement forsupplying it with ink, the traveling carriage, and the means forattaching the cylinder to its shaft.

The invention consists in the means I employ to the above ends, and itmay be defined as lying in certain construction of the parts andcombinations thereof, as definitely set forth in the claims.

In the drawings, which fully illustrate my invention, Figure l is an endelevation of an instrument embodying my invention. Fig. 2

' is a front elevation of the same, parts of the cylinder being shown insection to disclose more fully its construction. Fig. 3 is a plan of theinstrument, part of the cylinder being broken away to disclose thecarriage beneath. Fig. 4c is a vertical sectional view through the upperpart of the frame of the instrument, showing the carriage in elevation.Fig. 5 is a plan of the carriage. Fig. 6 is a perspective view ofdetails of the synchronizing mechanism. Fig. 7 is a longitudinalvertical section of the slip-joint forming part of the cylinder-drivingmechanism. Fig. 8 is a detail of a part of the synchronizing mechanism.Figs. 9 and 10 are details in front elevation and plan, respectively,showing the stylusholder and inking device. Fig. 11 is a detail insection of a detent mechanism appearing in Fig. 1. Fig. 12 is a diagramillustrating the electric circuits. Fig. 13 is a front elevation of Fig.1 looking from left to right, and Fig. 1A is a detailed view of theink-receptacle.

Referring to the parts by letters, A represents the base or frame of theinstrument, and is, preferably, a box-like structure containing thedriving-motor. It has near one end a pair of upwardly-extendingstandards a (4 which constitute supports and bearings for the horizontalshaft B. The end of the shaft B has a conical recess Z drilled inalinement with its axis, in which takes a conicallypointed journal-pin(Z. This pin is a screw with a milled head and is mounted in a threadedhole in the bracket 1), to which it may be clamped by the jam-nut (Z'.bracket D, Figs. 2 and 3, is pivoted to the frame at (Z and its foot isfurther provided with a notch (Z which takes around the shank of athumb-screw (Z whereby it may be clamped to the frame A. Thereforeloosening this thumb-screw cl and rotating the bracket D upon its pivotallows the cylinder C to be slid ed the shaft upon which it is removablymounted in the manner now to be described.

Near each extremity of the shaft B are rigidly fastened theinsulating-bushings f) 5 the inner one, 6, of which is surrounded by aring The- 6 which is rigidlysecured to it and carries a lateralprojection, such asa small machinescrew I), whose head takes into alongitudinal notch in the end of. the hub 0 of the cylin-.carries-a--pinion m which pinion meshes with a gear-wheel honztheshaftH which is mounted in the frame-standards (6 a nearthe'irilower endsj-This shaft H I 'carries' loosely-upon it the two p'inions it and/r eachofxwhiclr has a .=ci-rfcu-lar row of laterally-projectingteeth,indicated,respectivelyy by [63 and/1i. Be-'- der C. The bushing b is ofsmaller diameter than the other, but is in a similar manner. rigidlyfastened to the shaft B, Its outer end' isflush. with.the heads of..the. cylinderlQa against which abuts a washer Z) of insulating materialset into a follower-nut 6 taking onto the threaded head of the shaft andretaining the parts inplacefi Thebushings'are beveled on their innerends, as shown, -tofacilitate. the. cylinders-being slid on or.oif,

and the ring 6 is beveled also, as shown, for

the same purpose.

I shall now describe the driving mechanism. "Within thev frame A isthe-motor on;a

" ---local circuit,- for which Ipr'ovide an ordinary knife-switch Z. Theshaft in)" of this motor tween thesetwop'inions it and 7L2 andsl-id'ably mounted upon the shaft is axsleev'e S, the opposite en'dfacesof which are provided withlaterally-projecting dogs 8 8 which maytake-between the teeth lfior if,sothat-the-rota= tion ofthe-sleeve-maybe'transmitted to either" of them. Now referring especially to Fig. =7;in its construction the sleeves consists ess'e'ntially, ofa'body s looseon the shaft-and having a recess 8 overwhich recess is -fas-' tenedtheplate 8 by means of the-screws s,-

' Within the recess s -is a rubbing-disk s, which is feathered into aslot 6 in the shaft H. 1 A

-convoluted disk-spring s, back1ng against a Y felt Washer 8 causes thedisk s to contact frictionallywith thebottom of the recess 8 -mesh',"respecti vely,-with the-gears G G Hence the rotation of the diskmay betrans- 'mittedto sleeve S. The-two -pinions It k are of different sizes;as shown, and they which are readily secured upon the shaft B. .From theconstruction described it will appear that the shaft B may be driven ateither of two speeds,acco'rding to which of the-gears 4 k OI k is inengagement with the sleeve S;-

,Furthermore, as the drivingpower is commu nicated to those gears byfriction only it follows that if therotating cylinder and shaft werestopped from any cause the movement of'the motor would continue, whilethe-disk s -would slip upon and transmit no motion to' the sleeve-body sThe shaft B carries another gear, G rigid upon it. and this gear G andthe gear G mesh, respectively, with the Y two gears E E, which arecarried bythefeedscrew E, which is journaled' in the-upright columns a aof the frame As One or theother of-these gears is normally loose uponthe feed-screw E, while the otheris-tight upon the same andmay cause. itto-rotate. The small set-screws e e afi'ord means for securing either ofthese gears rigidly to the feed-screw E. Hence it is possible to drivethe feedscrew at two different speeds, and each of these speedscorresponds to.-- one of the two (different speeds ofz-thecylinder-shaftB, which has already been referred-- to,

Coming now to the synchronizing mechanism, I may say for thebetter'understanding 5 of the detailed description that in general themode of operation of such mechanism consists in arresting the rotationofthe more advanced cylinder until the following cylinder has caughtup'with it, when an electric circuit is automatically closed, whichoperates to release the arrested' cylindenvthe two cylinders thenproceeding inunison.

' --I-n proXimity to-the plane of' rotatioti of some moving part ofthedriving mechanism or near the gear G1 I provide means, such asfthe col-"-umns' a a? on the frame A forr supporting a hor1zontal*arbor Fq'whoseaxis 1s preferably in-a "plane parallel with-the gear G.- -'-*Atthe endsof the arbor it is jourha'led hy-conical points, as frequent"indelicate: machinery. One of the-supportingspoints is ca'rriedby ascrew a, which takes through-athreaded hole in-the column a? and isprovided with nag-iamnut a? fonloclririg it in place. 3 'Thedetails ofthe construction are most fully il-lustrated in Fig. Upon thisarbor Fareadj ustably secured, by means' of a set-screwff, the arms f f, the arm f-being "substantiallyvertical,

while the slatter is substantially -horizon'tal.

The arm 9 hasea substantially horizontal end face f anda verticalprojectingwingfatits rear. A smallroller or stop f -lies in the angleformed by this wing; and through its bore loosely "projects thedraws-wire f Avery light spring f h'avingoneend secured tothe armf andthe-other .end, ff, to therear of the draw-wire f operates to pressthe-roller f horizontallyagainst the vertical face of the wing'fpreviously referred to. A wing f 'projects rearwardly fromthe arbor Fand is normally in contact .w iththe tip of ascrew f which takes throughan'arm a and is provided with a thumb-nut for locking-it in place.

'Upon the inner face of'the gear Gis secured a-latrEally-p-rojeictingping, which in each rotation is adapted to contact with the roller f toarrest the movement of the gear, ashas been described.

' Themechanism whichoperates to rock the arbor F, so as toallo'w-the-gear G to advance,

willnow be described.

1 Near the extremity o'f-thearm f is an opening f in which opening isthe uppertend of alinlrf a-which' is suspended upon" the pin f. At itslower end this link" is hooked into a stirrup Ira-Fig. 1, which isfastened to a shoe 767, preferably with a rubbing-strip k of 'feltorsimilarmaterial. This shoe hangs close to the face of a friction-wheelX, carried rigidly by the shaft H. It will appear from this arrangementthat if the shoe 7c were moved against the face of the wheel X, which isrotating in the direction of the'arrow, the frictional force sodeveloped could cause an upward thrust in the link f which would besufiicient to rock the arbor F, thereby moving the roller f out ofengagement with the pin g, as has been described. Electromagnetic meansis provided for applying the shoe to the wheel X, at the same timeallowing it perfect freedom of movement in a vertical plane. Fixed tothe frame is an electromagnet K, which is shown in dotted lines in Fig.3, near the projecting cores of which is suspended the armature 7:. Itis suspended, as shown, on a trunnion 7:, to which it is rigidlysecured, which trunnion is journaled in the lugs a" a", which projectfrom the rear side of the frame A. It carries near its middle point ahorizontal bar is, which projects past the end of the frame A, to whichbar is pivoted the shoe-rod, which shoe-rod I prefer to make in twoparts Z9 and 71;. These two members are coupled together adjustably bymeans of the sleeve 7 Fig. 8, one end of the base of which may bethreaded to receive the threaded end of the member 71 a nut is lockingthe same. The member 1: is held within the sleeve by the set-screws 7 7The inner end of the member if is threaded and takes into the shoe 1:Behind this armature k a finger 71 projects from the frame A, and in itis mounted a screw 1:1 which projects over close behind the armature andis locked by the thumb-nut 71;. The inner end of a helical spring ittakes into a pin k, fixed in the member 7:, the outer end of said springbeing secured to a cord which is adapted to be wound on the shank of afriction-arbor 70 having a milled head If. This arbor turns stiiii y inthe arm which is adjustably clamped to the frame A by means of thethumb-screw 7: The member 70 passes through and is guided by an openingin the flange of a bracket (0, which is fastened to the end of theframe, as shown.

From the above arrangement it will now appear that the spring k normallyholds the shoe k away from the wheel X and the armature k against thestop-screw 71 and evidently if the magnet K be energized the shoe wouldbe applied to the wheel X, and by means of the link f the arbor F wouldbe rocked with the effect already mentioned.

In order that a very light current on the main line may cause thedesired engagement between the shoe and frictionwheel, Iarrange thecircuits so that the magnet K acts substantially as a relay throwing ina local circuit. This I accomplish very simply without the use of anextra magnet by causing the armature A: to short-circuit the magnetthrough a local battery, which energizes it with the desired force evenif the main-line current is just strong enough to throw the armature.The electric circuit will be hereinafter explained in the diagram. Asshown in the drawings, the connections are established by an insulatedterminal k carried by the upper end of the armature, which contacts withan adjustable point if, carried by the insulated yoke 70 The portion ofthe synchronizing mechanism which governs the circuit and causesenergization of the magnet K when the two cylinders are in unison willbe described later in connection with the diagram. For the presentsuffice it to say that the magnets K at the two ends of the line arenormally inactive, but become active simultaneously and only when thetwo cylinders are in unison at the point in the revolution where the twopins g would engage the rollers f".

It will be observed from the above-described synchronizing mechanismthat it includes three places where a comparatively light movement maythrow in operation a much greater force. Thus, first, the magnet K needsimply be energized by the main line sufiicient to throw the armature.This connects in the much more powerful local circuit. Second, suchlocal energization causes the friction between the shoe and thefriction-wheel, which, acting in the direction it does, is able to movethe link f 12 with a much'greater force. Third, this link throws backthe arm f, and a very slight movement of the arm is sufiicient torelease the pin 9, because as soon as that pin has come onto the frontside of the roller f the tendency of the gear Gr to rotate will cause itto do so, the pin g assisting the roller and arm in the backwardmovement. Thus the armfneed move back only slightly and easily. The shoeis need only lightly grasp the friction-wheel, and still more gentlyneed the armature move to establish the contact between the terminals 1:and If. This mechanism has been tried in practice and found to bemarvelously sensitive and at the same time perfectly positive in itsaction.

I have found in practice that there is a tendency for the arrestedmechanism to rebound. In order to prevent this, I provide a detent Q,which is preferably a leaf-spring secured to the frame and pressinglightly against the outer face of the gear G. A notch 0, Fig. 11, in theface of the gear is so situated that this detent will spring into itjust at the moment that the pin 9 has contacted with the roller f.The-engaging edge of this notch is abrupt to prevent the gears rebound,while the other edge being beveled, as at does not prevent the gearsadvance.

The carriage, upon which is mounted the recording pen or stylus,includes a frame I, the forward end of which carries a wheel 1), havinga knife-edge and the rear end of which has a pairof sleeves 1) pslidably mounted upon the guide-rod a, which has its ends carried by theframe A.' One or more leafsprings p are fastened to the rear end of theframe P and carry fragmentary nuts p, which normally mesh with thefeed-screw E, already referred to. Alever p pivoted at p and carrying apin p affords means for throwing these nuts out of engagement with thefeedscrew, so that the carriage may be returned or otherwise moved byhand. At its forward end the carriage has an upward-extending verticalweb 10* and toward the rear end a similar parallel web 10, andconnecting these webs are a pair of truss-rods 9 9 These rods have theirshanks reduced, as shown. The former rod is fixed, while the latter isprovided with a head 0 and at the other end with threads 9", which takeinto threaded holes in the web 19. "Slidable upon these rods is a saddleR, which has the base-plate r and front and rear webs 1' r These webs ra have openings through which pass the truss-rodsp p affording asupportfor the saddle. On the enlarged portion of the rod 19 abrupt notches 1719 are cut, and a stop carried by the web r, is adapted to take intoeither notch, being pressed by a spring 19 Fig. 2. Pivoted to theforward web r of the saddle is the armature-lever V, to the upper end ofwhich is secured the penholder a), which carries the pen c. A pair ofopposed magnets U U, carried by the saddle, operate upon this armature.The magnet U tends to swingthe pen against the cylinder, and the magnetU (located, preferably, beneath the cylinder and having anupward-extending core it) tends to draw the pen away from the cylinder.As will be hereinafter explained in connection with the diagram, themain line is connected with windings of each of these magnets in series;but the magnet U has another winding in the opposite direction which ison a local circuit through a battery, the result being that the currenton the main line will neutralize the magnetism caused by this localcircuit and allow the magnet U to bring the pen against thecylinder-wheel. When the current in the main line ceases flowing, thelocal circuit energizing the magnet U will draw the pen away from thecylinder. As stated, the two magnets and the pivoted armature are allcarried by the saddle R, which is unitarily adjusted to fit differentsizes of cylinders by being slid upon the truss-rods 29 19 and locked bythe stop 2". I prefer to use two sizes of cylinders, (indicated by thedot ted circles C C in Fig. 4,) and there are thus provided two notchesp 10 Where intermediate sizes of cylinders are used, correspondingnotches will be employed. In either position of the saddle it may befinely adjusted by turning the rod 19 on its axis. Either magnet U or Umay be adjusted independ-j ently. Thus the magnet U is carried by theforcing it toward'the armature, and a-screwthreaded nut a adapted todraw it in opposite direction. This nut furnishes means for adjustingit. The magnet U is carried at its rear end by a plate 14 which slidablytakes around the rods 19 p and at its forward end by a non magneticplate a, which takes around the rod J, which has a bearing in theforward web r of the saddle and is swiveled to the rear web thereof andhas a screwthreaded end engaging the plate M. This rod extends forwardthrough an opening in the carriage-web and has a head j, by which it maybe rotated to adjust the magnet U..

As explained, the armature V carries the receiving-pen v. This pen-is anordinary steel pen, so held that it inclines absolutely downward towardits point, .so that the ink will flow by gravity, and the direction inwhich it points is in a line passing above the axis of the cylinder, thecylinder on the side toward the pen rotating upward. Now the amount thatthe nibs of the pen spread depends on the pressure with which the penbears against the cylinder, wherefore not only may the width of thelines on the received picture be varied by adjusting the pen and theparts that carry it, but the pen responds very accurately to theirregularities in the conductivity at the transmitting-plate, forexample, causing the magnet U to pull harder and the pen to make aheavier line. Moreover, if the pen-point happens to gather on one strokelint or other material from the paper the nibs open to the succeedingstroke, and it drops out, as I have observed in actual practice. To feedthe pen, I provide an ink-receptacle W, which is supported directlybeneath the pen, preferably by an independent bent rod 10, which takesinto the web r at the forward end of the saddle and is adjustably heldby a thumb-screw w. On the rear side the ink-receptacle has a pair ofnotches 20 for the two edges of the pen to lie in, and on its front sidea single notch is provided, through which the penpoint projects, asshown in dotted lines in Fig. 9 and also in Fig. 14.. The lower edges ofthe pen thus lie in the receptacle, as appears from Fig. 4:, and the inkin the receptacle is in capillary communication with the ink carried bythe pen. The capillarity is increased by placing paraffin on the innerside of the receptacle. I have found this a very satisfactoryarrangement. The receptacle may carry con venien tl y enough ink for acomplete picture of the heaviest sort or for several ordinary picturesand continuously feeds the pen without any danger of running over theedge, owing to the capillarity and slight viscosity of the ink. The

object of supporting the ink-receptacle W upon an independent arm in aposition so that the ink on the point will attract the ink in the arm rprojecting forward from the saddle, 1 receptacle by capillary attractionis for the and has surrounding its shank a spring a purpose ofpermitting the pen to vibrate 13 freely without having to carry alongwith it the ink-receptacle. It will be seen from the above that thismakes the operating mechanism of the pen much more sensitive.

The transmitting-stylus is adjustably carried by the web 9 of thesaddle. The stylus consists, preferably, of an ordinary pen-point Y,which extends through an opening in the bent rod y and is adjustablyclamped therein by the nut y, screwing onto the rod and abutting thepen. The rod is adjustably held in the web 'r by the thumb-screw Duringreceiving the stylus is turned back idly, as shown in Fig. 5, and duringtransmitting the pen-point is idle.

Referring now to Fig. 1 for the circuit-governing portion of thesynchronizing mechanism, T represents a hollow mast which is carried byand in electric contact with the frame of the machine and carries,insulated from itself, two resilient brackets or switclrterminals f. Aswitch-lever or teeter t is pivoted at t" to the mast and carriesanvil-screws t t". A disk-cam or contact-maker b is carried rigidly bythe shaft B and is provided with a notch in its periphery, whichconsists of a long shallow depression 5" of uniform depth and adepression 7) of greater depth at one end of it. A nib t on theswitch-lever, having its inner face inclined, as shown, is pressedagainst the periphery of the contactmaker by a spring 6. Theanvil-screws t t are so adjusted that when the nib is in contact withthe unbroken periphery of the contact-maker the screw 25 is in contactwith the bracket 25 Vhen the nib drops into the shallow portion 7) inthe notch, contact between the teeter and either bracket is broken, andwhen the nib comes into the notch b, and not until then, contact is madebetween the screw 6 and the bracket t. A brush L, insulated from theframe, contacts with the ring 6 on the bushing Z), and thus is inelectrical engagement with the cylinder and transmitting-plate thereon,except for a portion of the revolution when such contact is interruptedby the insulating-block I), set into this ring.

This block corresponds in length and position to the notch 71.

The operation of the mechanism just described will be best understood inconnection with the diagram Fig. 12. A switch Z is provided on themachine which isadaptcd to place it in position for transmitting orreceiving. When this switch, as shown in Figs. 2 and 12, is in thevertical position, the machine is a transmitter. When it is in thehorizontal position, it is a receiver. In operation there is placed onthe transmitting-cylinder a suitable plate formed of conducting andnonconducting areas representing the picture. This plate may be ametallic plate having insulating-surfaces, or it may be aninsulatingsheet impregnated with a conducting fluid. Either theconducting or non-conducting portion of the plate may represent thepicture. The conducting portion is adapted to electrically connect thestylus with the surface of the cylinder, and the insulating portion willbreak such connection. The receiving instrument may carry on itscylinder simply a piece of paper which will be marked by the inkaccording to the image on the transmittingplate. Starting first with thetransmitting end of the line and assuming the switch Z to be in thevertical position, the circuit will start with the ground or return wireand through the main battery 1 to the line 2, to the frame A, to thetransmitting-stylus Y, to the picture on the cylinder, and to thecylinder, to the ring 73, to the brush L, to the line 3, to theswitch-point .2, and via the switch to the point .2, to the line 1, andto the main line 5. Therefore when the brush L is in contact with thering the circuit is made or broken at the transmitting end, according towhether the stylus is on an insulated or metallic portion of the plate,while if the brush L be on the insulating portion 7) the contact isabsolutely broken. Now at the other end of the line the instrument is areceiver. The switch Z is in a horizontal position. The current comes infrom the main line 5, via the line at, to the switch-point thencethrough the switch to the point .2, to the line 6 around the windings 7and 8 of the two magnets U and U, and via the line 9 to the bracketThence with the parts in normal position the current continues throughthe anvil-screw t to the teeter t, to the mast T, to the line 2, and tothe other main line or ground. Thus the magnets U and U are on themainline, as already stated. The local circuit around the magnet U isformed by the winding 11 and the conductors 12 and 13, which are adaptedto be connected together at the switch-points .2 and and one of whichlines, as 13, passes through the adjustable rheostat 14 and the 10- calbattery 15. A branch line 16 from the main line 5 passes to thesynchronizing-magnet K and thence via the magnet 17 to the bracket 25.This line is normally open; but, as heretofore stated, when the nib tdrops into the deep notch 7) the anvil-screw Z engages the bracket zfi,whereupon the circuit continues via the bracket t and the anvilscrew 25and the teeter and the mast T to the ground-line 2, whereupon (providedthe brush L has come onto the metallic part of thering 7i at the otherend of the line) a main circuit is established through the magnet K. Thearmature 7:: being thus attracted causes the terminal F" to engage theterminal Z9. The former of these terminals is connected by a branch line18 with the line 16 and the latter by a line 19 through a local battery21 to the ground-line. This makes a short circuit through the magnet Kand the battery 21 via the lines 19, the line 2, the mast T, teeter 2f,anvil-screw t", bracket 2f, line 1'7, and line 18.

IIO

The result is that the magnet K is strongly energized and forces theshoe k with the desired force against the friction-wheel X. Thisengagement, as stated, causes the removal of the stops f, which retainthose wheels, and the two cylinders rotate simultaneously. This tipsback the teeter t, breaking the contact between the anvil-screw t andthe bracket t, which opens both the main and local circuits through themagnet K.

The transmission-plate and accordingly the picture received do notoccupy the full cylinder, the portion unoccupied corresponding more orless closely to the notch b and the in sulation 6 Thus while the pictureis being transmitted the only making and breaking of the circuit thatoccurs is at the transmittingstylus. While the uncovered portion of thecylinder at each end is passing the transmitting-stylus or the pen thecircuit is broken at both ends both by the notch 6 and the insulation 6and as the cylinders reach the ends of these interrupted portionswhichever cylinder happens to be ahead (if they are not absolutelysynchronized) is held up until the other reaches the same position byreason of the circuit being broken at the otherend' until the instrumentat the other end reaches the same" position, when the two instrumentsproceed in unison.

The above-described arresting of a cylinder coming at a point when thereceiving and transmitting members are idle does not interfere with thepicture and happening once a revolution enables a very accuratesynchronization to be made. The motors are easily controlled by theirown rheostats, so as to revolve very nearly at the same speed. They areof course never so far out of unison that the contact would be remadeafter being broken at one end of the line before it was broken at theother, (the notch b and the insulating portion 6 being long enough toprovide for the widest divergence,) and the operator can easily tellfrom whether his instrument is arrested or otherwise how his motor isrunning with reference to the mgtor' at the other end and can make hisadjustment to bring it into very close synchronization.

Having described my invention, I claiin 1. In afacsimile telegraphinstrument, power mechanism for driving the instrument, controllingmechanism for governing the application of such power, actuatingmechanism adapted to be operated by the power mechanism and govern thecontrolling mechanism, and electric means for connecting said actuatingmechanism with the power mechanism, substantially as described.

2. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, power mechanismfor frictionally driving the instrument, mechanism for retarding theinstrument, a device for controlling such retardation operated by suchpower mechanism, and an electric device for causing the application ofsuch power to such retarding mechanism, substantially as described.

3. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, the

combination of a continuously-driven mem ber, a shoe adapted to engagethe same, an electromagnet for governing such engagement,africtionally-driven member, and means for retarding it actuated by themovement of said shoe, substantially as described.

4:. Ina facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a rotatablewheel, a shoe normally out of engagement with, but adapted to be appliedto said wheel, an electromagnet controlling the application of said shoeand means operated by said shoe for controlling the rotation of saidinstrument, substantially as described. 7

5. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a wheel, a shoeadapted to be applied thereto, anelectromagnet adapted to apply saidshoe, meansoperated by said shoe for controlling the rotation of saidinstrument, and automatic means for periodically closing a circuitthrough said magnet, substantially as described.

6. In afacsimile-telegraphinstrument, a rotating member, a shoe adaptedto contact there- I with, an electromagnet adapted to move said shoeinto contact with said rotating member, said shoe being free to move inthe directionof motion of the moving part it contacts, and meansoperatedby'such movement of said shoe for controlling the rotation ofsaidinstrument, substantially as described.

7. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, rotatingmechanism, means for periodically arresting a part thereof, a shoenormally out of engagement but adapted to contact with a rotating partof said mechanism, and' means for releasing said mechanismfrom arrest,said means of release being con trolled by said shoe, substantially asdescribed.

8. In afacsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, rotatingmechanism, means for periodicallyarrestinga part thereof, a shoe adaptedto contact with a rotating part of said mechanism, an el'ectromagnetadapted to apply said shoe, and means for releasing said mechanism fromarrest, said means of release being operated by the frictionalengagement of said shoe with said rotating mechanism, substantially asdescribed.

9. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in

combination, rotating mechanism, a motor for driving the same, afriction connection adapted to transmit the driving force therefrom, awheel driven positively by said motor, ashoe adapted to be appliedthereto, means for arresting said rotating mechanism periodically, anelectromagnet adapted to apply said shoeto said wheel, and meansoperatedby the frietional force developed upon said shoe for releasing saidmechanism from arrest, substantially as described.

' 10. The combination of a pair of rotating members, frictionallyconnected, a projection on one of said members, a stop adapted to engagethe same, a shoe adapted to engage the other member and by the movementcaused thereby throw said stop, and means for causing such engagement ofthe shoe, substantially as described.

11. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a wheel adaptedto rotate when said instrument is in operation, a projection carriedthereby, a stop adapted to contact with said projection, a shoe adaptedto con tact with a moving part of said instrument, an electromagnetcontrolling the same, and means operated by said shoe to withdraw saidstop, substantially as described.

12. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a wheel adaptedto rotate when said instrument is in operation, a projection carriedthereby, a stop, a spring normally holding said stop in the path of saidprojection, a rotating member, a shoe adapted to be applied thereto, anelcctromagnet controlling said shoe, and means operated by said shoe forwithdrawing said stop, substantially as described.

13. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a memberadapted to rotate when said instrument is in operation, a pin carriedthereby, a pivoted arm, a stop carried by said arm and normally lying inthe path of said pin, a rotatable wheel, a shoe adapted to contacttherewith, an electromagnet adapted to apply said shoe, and a linkconnecting said shoe with said pivoted arm, substantially as described.

14. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a rotatablemember, a projection carried thereby, a stopping device adapted to standin the path of said projection, means for withdrawing the stoppingdevice, said stoppingdevice includinga pivoted arm and a stopblockseated thereon, the arm and block being adapted to form a strut whenengaged by said projection or to buckle intermediately allowing thetendency of said member to rotate to assist in the withdrawal of saidstop, substantially as described.

15. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, africtionally-driven rotatable member, a stopping device adapted toengage a projection or shoulder thereon, means adapted to engage andmove said stopping device with reference to said shoulder, said stoppingdevice being so arranged that when said means thus partially removes itfrom the path of said shoulder the tendency of said member to re volvecompletes the removal, substantially as described.

16. In afacsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a rotatablemember, a projection carried thereby, a stop normally held in the pathof said projection, said stop having a rounded face toward said path andseating on a movable arm, and means adapted to engage and move said armto shift said stop with reference to the path of said projection,substantially as described.

17. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a rotatablemember,-a pin carried thereby, a pivoted arm having a recess, astoproller, a spring holdingthe same in said recess, means whereby saidarm normally holds said roller in the path of said pin, and means forwithdrawing said arm, substantially as described.

18. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a rotatablemember,- a pin carried thereby, a pivoted arm having a recess with asubstantially horizontal and a vertical face, a roller lying. therein, aspring constraining said roller against said vertical face, means fornormally holding said roller in the path of said pin, and means forwithdrawing the same with reference thereto, substantially as described.

19. In afacsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a rotatablemember, mechanism for frictionally driving the same, means forperiodically arresting the rotation of said member without disturbingthe frictional engagement thereof, and a spring-detent adapted toprevent the rebound of said member, substantially as described.

20. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a rotatablemember, means for periodically arresting the rotation of the same, aspring-detent adapted to engage a shoulder moving With said member atthe moment of its arrest preventing the rebound of said member but notinterfering with its continued rotation, substantially as described.

21. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a rotatablemember having a notch abrupt at its end which is forward with referenceto the direction of rotation of said member, said notch being inclinedat its other end, means for periodically arresting the rotation of saidmember, a detent-spring pressed toward said member in the path of saidnotch said detent being adapted to take therein at the moment of arrestof said member, substantially as described.

22. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a rotarycylinder, a single cam having three distinct operating-faces, and amember cooperating therewith and adapted when operated by one of saidfaces to make one connection, when operated by another of said faces tomake an entirely different connection and when operated by the third tobe held from any connection substantially as. described.

23. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument operating in continuous cycles,in combination, a rotating cylinder, a pivoted switch-lever, a pair ofcooperating switch members adapted to engage therewith, means formaintaining contact between said switch-lever and one of 1 said membersduring a portion of the cycle,

means for maintaining it out of contact with either member duringanother portion ofthe cycle, and means for maintaining it in contactwith the other switch member during the third portion, substantially asdescribed.

24. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, a rotating cylinder adapted tocarry a transmission-plate having a picture thereon composed ofinsulating and non-insulating portions, and a cooperating stylus,combined with a synchronizing device including switch mechanism adaptedto maintain one pair of contacts 7 while such picture is rotating pastthe stylus, and to cause another pair of contacts at a point when thepicture is out of engagement with the stylus, and intermediately tointerrupt both contacts which interruption is also at a point when thepicture is out of engagement, substantially as described.

25. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a rotarycylinder, a rotary disk having an irregular peripheral surface, a pi'voted switch member, a part connected therewith which engages suchsurface, a spring adapted to bring about such engagement, and a pair ofswitch members with either or neither of which said switch member mayengage according to the surface of the disk engaged, substantially asdescribed.

26. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, a rotating cylinder adapted tocarry a transmission-plate having a picture thereon composed ofinsulated and non-insulated portions, a cooperating stylus, thecombination with a synchronizing device, of a cam having irregular facesadapted to maintain one pair of contacts, while said picture is rotatingpast the stylus, and to cause another pair of contacts at a point whenthe picture is out of engagement with the stylus and intermediately tointerrupt both contacts which interruption is also at a point when thepicture is out of engagement.

27. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a shaft adaptedto receive cylinders of different diameters, a carriage adapted to bedriven longitudinally of said shaft, a saddle mounted on said carriage,means for locking said saddle to said carriage at different points,means for making a fine adjustment between the saddle and carriage whenthey are thus locked, and means carried by the saddle for engagingmaterial on the cylinder substantially as described.

28. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a shaft adaptedto receive cylinders of different diameters, a carriage adapted to bedriven longitudinally of said shaft, a saddle mounted on said carriage,means for locking said saddle to said carriage at different points, twomagnets carried by said saddle, an armature between the magnets adaptedto be operated in one direction by one magnet and in the other directionby the other magnet, means for independently adjusting said two magnetswith reference to the armature-lever, and means operated by thearmature-lever for engaging material on the cylinder substantially asdescribed.

29.. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a rotatablecylinder. a carriage movable along the same, said carriage including apair of transverse rods one of which is rotatable andscrew-threadedtherein, a saddle supported on said rods and adapted to be locked to thesaid screw-threaded rod, an armature pivoted to said saddle, a magnetcarried by said saddle, and means operated by said armature and adaptedto engage material on the cylinder substantially as described.

30. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a rotatablecylinder, a carriage movable along the same, said carriage having arelatively adjustable transverse rod with peripheral shoulders thereon,a saddle slidable upon said carriage and adapted to be locked to saidshoulders, an electromagnet, an armature carried by said saddle, andmeans operated by the armature and adapted to engage material on thecylinder substantially as described.

31. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a shaft adaptedto receive cylinders of different diameter, a carriage slidable alongthe same, a saddle mounted in said carriage and laterally movablethereon, an armature-lever and two magnets operating to move the leverin opposite directions carried by said saddle, means for locking thesaddle in different positions relative to the carriage corresponding tothediiferent-sized cylinders, and means carried by the saddle forengaging material on the cylinder substantially as described.

32. In a facsimile -telegraph instrument, the combination of a pair ofmagnets, a lever operated thereby, means cooperating with the lever tomake an impression, said magnets each having a main winding and one ofsaid magnets having an additional winding, and circuit connectionswhereby a main circuit is established over said main winding and a localcircuit with a source of current is established over said additionalwinding, substantially as described.

33. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a shaft, acarriage adapted to travel along the same, a pivoted armature-lever, apair of magnets operating said lever, one in one direction and one inthe other, a cylinder adapted to be supported on said shaft and engagedby a pen carried by said armature-lever, one of said magnets beingoppositely wound with two conductors, and circuit connections whereby alocal circuit is established over the extra conductor, and the maincircuit over the common conductor for the two magnets, substantially asdescribed.

34. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, arotating-member, a switch op- IIO erated according to the positionthereof, retarding mechanism, a magnet, a main-line connection to saidmagnet, connections and mechanism whereby said magnet closes a localcircuit for operating said arresting means, said local circuit beingadapted to be opened by said switch, substantially as described.

35. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a cylinder,frictionallyconnected mechanism for rotating the same, mechanism forretarding the said cylinder, a magnet for governing said retardingmechanism, a switch operated by the rotation and adapted to govern thecircuit through said magnet, a local circuit governed by the armature ofsaid magnet and passing through said switch and through a source ofpower and through said magnet, substantially as described.

36. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, the combination of a vibratinglever, a magnet for operating the same, a pen-point carried by saidlover, a stationary ink-receptacle independently supported on the underside of said pen-point, and adapted to carry ink engaging that in thepen-point, substantially as described.

37. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a rotatingcylinder, a pen having asplit point, means for causing it to vibratetoward or from said cylinder, an inkreceptacle beneath the pen adaptedto carry ink engaging that in the pen, said pen inclining downwardtoward its point whereby the ink may flow by gravity, substantially asdescribed.

38. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a rotatablecylinder, a pen-point, means for causing it to vibrate toward and fromsaid cylinder, an ink-receptacle beneath said pen and in a position tofeed ink to the point thereof, said pen projecting beyond the forwardwall of said receptacle in an inclined position thereby permitting theink to flow down said pen by gravity.

In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a rotatingcylinder, a traveling carriage, a vibrating lever, a magnet supported bythe carriage, a pen operated by said lever, an ink-receptacle adjustablyand rigidly carried by said carriage underneath the pen-point,substantially as described.

40. In a facsimile-telegraph construction, in combination, a rotatingcylinder, a traveling carriage, a vibrating lever and mechanismsupported by the carriage, a pen operated by said lever, anink-receptacle underneath said pen and having recesses in the side wallsthereof for the reception of the side portions of said pen and anotherrecess for the reception of the nib of the pen.

4:1. The combination of a rotating cylinder, a carriage adapted totravel along the same, a rod supported by said carriage and adjustablewith reference thereto, a pin-point extending through said rod, and anut screwing onto the rod and adapted to abut against and clamp saidpin, substantially as described.

42. In combination with a rotating cylinder, a carriage adapted totravel along the same, a saddle adjustable laterally of said carriage, amagnet carried by said saddle, an armaturelever pivoted to said saddle,a pen carried by said armature-lever, a rod carried by said saddle, astylus carried by said rod and adapted to engage the cylinder, said rodbeing adjustable with reference to said saddle for the adjustment ofsaid stylus and also to allow the stylus to be moved out of the way,substantially as described.

43. The combination with a rotatable cylinder, a carriage adapted totravel along the same, a saddle adapted to be adjustable transversely ofthe carriage, a magnet carried by said saddle, an armature-lever pivotedto said saddle and operated by said magnet, a pen carried by said lever,an ink-rece iitacle carried by said lever underneath said pen,substantially as described.

44:. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a rotatableshaft, insulatingbushings carried at each end thereof, a metal ringtaking around the inner one of said bushings, a hub of said cylindertaking over said ring, a projection carried by said ring, said hubhaving a notch into which said projection takes, and means forpreventing said cylinder from sliding outwardly on said shaft,substantially as described.

45. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a frame, arotatable shaft, an insulating-bushing carried by said shaft a metallicring rigidly secured around said bushing, a cylinder, a hub within saidcylinder and adapted to take over said ring, and a brush insulated fromsaid frame and adapted to contact with said ring, substantially asdescribed.

46. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a frame, arotatable shaft, an insulating-bushing secured to said shaft, and.having a tapered end portion, a metallic ring rigidly secured aroundsaid bushing and having its end portion beveled to form a continuationof the tapered end portion of said bushing, a cylinder, a hub withinsaid cylinder arranged to take over said metallic ring, and a brushinsulated from said frame and adapted to contact with said ring,substantially as described.

47. 1n a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a frame, arotatable shaft mounted therein, insulating-bushings rigidly securedthereto, a metal ring secured around the inner one of said bushings, ahub of said cylinder takingovcr said ring, another hub of the sametaking around the outer bushing, an insulating-washer lying against theouter side of said hub, said shaft having a threaded end, and afollower-nut taking thereon and forcing said washer against said hub,substantially as described.

48. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in combination, a rotatingcylinder, carriage mechanism adapted to travel along the same, asupporting-web upon said carriage, an armature-lever for holding the penand carried by said web, a socket in said web, and a bent support for apin-point secured in said socket, said support being bent and arrangedin a manner such that said pin-point may engage the cylinder and may beturned back out of the way when not in use.

49. In a facsimile-telegraph instrument, in

combination, means for holding paper to re"

